A variety trial in potato was set up in Lennik as part of the Potato Agricultural Center. The aim is to find a worthy alternative to Fontane na Innovator, each of which has its own problems in cultivation. There are 7 races in the running for Fontane na 3 kwa Innovator. Some varieties, such as Babylon, are showing promise.
In the potato field of the demo company Lemaire-Taelemans, a potato trial was set up within the framework of the Flemish government. The potato varieties in trial are intended for processing into chips, and the aim is to look for alternatives to the yellow-fleshed Fontane and the white-fleshed Innovator. Fontane is mainly intended for frozen chips and for processing into potato products. Innovator then offers long fries that are sought after by fast food chains.
Kesi yenyewe itawekwa katika maeneo kadhaa, ili aina ziweze kupimwa katika hali tofauti.
Kwa wakati huu, Fontane is the most important variety in Flanders, with 50% of the potato area. Challenger na Innovator follow, with 8 to 6% of the potato area respectively. Bintje is in fourth place, with 5% of the potato area. “Bintje was once a large variety, but it does have some drawbacks, such as its sensitivity to the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis, ”Anasema mtafiti wa PCA Ilse Eeckhout.
Hasara Fontane na Innovator
Other varieties have therefore become more important in the meantime, such as Fontane na Innovator. However, these varieties also have certain bottlenecks. Fontane is resistant to the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis , lakini ni nyeti kwa cyst nematode cyst Globodera pallida . "Hatutaki kuhama shida, ndiyo sababu tunatafuta njia mbadala," anasema Eeckhout.
Innovator is resistant to Globodera pallida , but has other disadvantages. Due to the low underwater weight, Innovator is not suitable for light soils and achieves the highest potential on heavier soils. It is not recommended on sandy soil because of the high risk of rust and brown spots. “It forms few tubers per bush, and the tubers are coarse. However, because Innovator is drought sensitive, the yield can be disappointing, especially in dry and hot years. Last year in the trials only a yield of 34 tons/ha was noted. Finally, Innovator is sensitive to metribuzin, although a farmer can take this into account.”
According to the researcher, it is therefore necessary to look for worthy and better alternatives to Fontane na Innovator in the context of a good IPM strategy. These varieties therefore also serve as a reference.
Njia mbadala za Fontane
Kulikuwa na aina 7 katika jaribio. Babeli iko katika mwaka wake wa tatu. Kwa Cardyma, Chenoa, Edison, Palace na Virginia, watafiti wana matokeo ya miaka 2. Lugano ni aina mpya, kwa hivyo habari kidogo inapatikana kuhusu mali zake.
Babeli is the result of a cross with the Agria variety. As a result, one of the characteristics is that there are few tubers per shrub. The tubers are coarse, so it is better to keep a smaller planting distance in the row, of 30 cm. Babylon is sensitive to metribuzin, so be careful during weed control. It also has a low underwater weight, so there is an occasional chance of floats. Nevertheless, the variety has high potential, as it achieved a yield that was 6% higher than that of Fontane.
Cardyma Due to its resistance to G.pallida, much was expected from Cardyma. However, the yield was disappointing: it was 12% lower than that of Fontane. This is because Cardyma matured earlier and did not have the time to form large tubers after the drought and heat. Still, the quality was good. The tubers are also slightly longer than at Fontane, which is positive for the processing industry. This is also the reason that Cardyma will also be in trial next year.
Chenoa Already in August – after 120 days – the Chenoa crop had already matured, with the result that the yield is 9% below that of Fontane. The tubers were also too fine in the sorting.
Edison Like Cardyma and Chenoa, Edison matured too quickly, resulting in a 7% lower yield than Fontane’s. Last year Edison had the best baking color of all breeds. It naturally has few reducing sugars, which has the advantage that a batch of Edison can be stored at a low temperature.
Lugano Aina hii ina upinzani mpana kwa wote wawili Globodera rostochiensis na Globodera pallida . Aina hii hutoa mizizi machache lakini yenye nguvu sana kwa kila kichaka. Kwa hivyo umbali wa upandaji wa karibu katika safu. Lugano ni kuchelewa kuiva. Kwa hivyo bado inaweza kutoa mavuno mazuri mwishoni mwa msimu.
Palace This variety ripens a little later than Fontane, and surprised by its vitality. The crop remained green, even through the stress period of heat and drought. The yield was 5% higher than that of Fontane. The only point of attention was the high underwater weight, which increases the chance of impact blue.
Virginia This is a late variety and has a rather slow start to the season. Still, the breed can go on for a long time. The bush produces very coarse tubers with a good length, making it suitable for the processing industry. The yield was at Fontane’s level, with a yield that is 2% higher.
Njia mbadala za Innovator
3 varieties were planted for Innovator. Kelly has already had 1 year of research results available. Etana and Shepherd are new varieties in trial, so there is still little idea of yield and quality.
Kelly This is a late variety that is slow to start but can last for a long time. It stays green longer, even in dry summers. It forms many stems, which means many tubers. That can be positive for the yield. Relative to Innovator, Kelly achieved a yield that was 19% higher than Fontanes.
Ethane Aina hii inakabiliwa na Globodera pallida . Inajulikana na mfumo wa mizizi yenye nguvu na majani mazuri. Kwa kuongezea, kulingana na kampuni ya kuzaliana, inahitaji nitrojeni kidogo, ambayo inaweza kuwa faida katika shida ya sasa ya mbolea.
mchungaji This variety is also resistant to G.pallida, and ripens later than Innovator. This provides benefits for the yield.
Baadhi ya vidokezo vya umakini katika kilimo
Ilse Eeckhout inaonyesha kuwa mazao ya viazi yanakua vizuri, lakini unapaswa kuwa macho kwa wageni ambao hawajaalikwa. Kwa mfano, tunalazimika kungojea chipukizi za mwiba. Shida inaongezeka kila mwaka. Wote mbegu ya mbegu na mmea ni sumu, na kuenea ni haraka sana. Kuondolewa kwa mikono, hata wakati mmea bado ni mdogo, inashauriwa.
Mende wa viazi wa Colorado pia ni wa kawaida, na idadi ya watu bado inaongezeka. Hii inaweza kuepukwa kwa kuondoa uhifadhi wa viazi iwezekanavyo ili usipe wanyama chakula. Mapigano ni bora kufanywa haswa bila kuua maadui wa asili. Unaweza na Tracer, Neemazal na Coragen. Mwishowe, nyuzi hupatikana sana mashambani, mapigano hayajafanywa katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kwani idadi ya maadui wa asili huifanya idadi kuwa ndogo.
Mwishowe, Eeckhout anaonyesha faida za kutumia hydrazide ya kiume wakati wa uwanja. “Inaweza kuhakikisha kuwa viazi hubaki vimelala kwa wiki kadhaa hadi miezi baada ya kuvuna. Hii inampa mkulima muda wa kupumua hewa wakati wa kukausha, kufanya uponyaji wa jeraha na kujitahidi kupata joto sahihi la kuhifadhi kabla ya kufanya matibabu ya kwanza na vizuia vimelea. ”
